What Is Schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior, thought processes and the inability to recognize reality. It is believed to be caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Symptoms typically include delusions, auditory hallucinations, and disorganized thinking.

What Causes Schizophrenia?

There is no one single cause of schizophrenia; it is attributed to a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.

Genetics

In approximately 10% of cases, schizophrenia is inherited. It is believed that a series of gene mutations, called copy number variants (CNVs), contribute to the development of the disorder. CNVs are small sections of chromosomes that are either missing or duplicated in some individuals. In those with schizophrenia, it is believed that CNVs may affect how certain proteins in the brain interact, resulting in disrupted nerve communication.

Environment

It is also thought that certain environmental factors may increase the risk of schizophrenia. Exposure to viruses, malnutrition during pregnancy, and/or traumatic events during childhood may lead to changes that predispose an individual to the disorder.

Drug Use

The use of certain drugs, including cannabis, methamphetamine and LSD, has been linked to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia. It is thought that drug use causes changes in the brain, which can trigger the onset of a schizophrenic episode.

Lifestyle

Certain lifestyle habits and social stressors, such as poverty, unemployment, exposure to violence, and family conflicts, have been linked to an increased risk of schizophrenia. It is believed that exposure to such factors can trigger changes in brain chemistry that increase the risk of developing the disorder.

Conclusion

Schizophrenia is caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetics play a role in 10% of cases, while environmental factors, drug use, and lifestyle habits are also believed to contribute to the disorder. It is important to note that while these factors can increase the risk of schizophrenia, they are not necessarily a guarantee. With proper diagnosis and treatment, individuals can learn to manage the symptoms of schizophrenia and lead happy, fulfilling lives.