What is Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease that affects the liver and is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is the most common form of viral hepatitis in the world, affecting more than two billion people at some point in their lives. It is spread primarily through contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person. It is a serious health concern because it can lead to cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, and even death in some cases.

What Causes Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B is primarily caused by exposure to the Hepatitis B virus. The virus is extremely contagious, even more so than HIV. It can be spread through contact with blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and saliva of an infected person. Hepatitis B can also be spread through the sharing of needles and syringes, razors, and toothbrushes.

Transmission of the virus through sexual intercourse (especially unsafe sex) is possible, though less common. A pregnant woman may also pass the virus to her baby during delivery. Other, less common forms of transmission include contact with infected blood or body fluids on surfaces and transmission of the virus through blood transfusions.

Risk Factors

There are certain factors that can increase the risk of contracting Hepatitis B. These include having unprotected sex, engaging in IV drug use, and having multiple sex partners. Having a weakened immune system due to HIV, organ transplant, or other medications also increases the risk of contracting HBV. Receiving a tattoo or piercing from a place that does not follow proper sanitation practices is an additional risk factor.

Conclusion

Hepatitis B is a serious, infectious disease that can have severe consequences if not managed correctly. It is important to understand the factors that can contribute to contracting the virus, as well as the ways it can be spread. People who are at high risk should take extra steps to protect themselves and be aware of any symptoms. Vaccination is the best form of prevention for Hepatitis B.