What is PCOS? An Overview of this Disease

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age. It can cause various symptoms, and complications, depending on the individual. The most common symptoms are irregular periods, excessive hair growth, and acne, as well as difficulty conceiving.

This disorder affects roughly 5 to 10 percent of women in the world. It is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women, and usually goes undiagnosed. It is induced by a hormonal imbalance, which leads to many different symptoms. While PCOS often goes undiagnosed, it can be managed with proper health monitoring and medication.

The Cause of PCOS

The exact cause of PCOS is still unknown, but one of the leading explanations is an increase in androgen hormones. Androgens are naturally occurring hormones that are responsible for the development of sex characteristics in males and females. Women, in particular, have a higher production of the hormones progesterone and estrogen, however, when someone has PCOS, the production of androgens is abnormally high. Women with PCOS have a much higher blood level of androgens than women without PCOS.

This increase in hormones can then lead to other symptoms of PCOS, such as irregular periods, weight gain, and acne. Additionally, women with PCOS are more likely to suffer from metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome, due to the changes in their hormones.

Diagnosing and Treating PCOS

In order to diagnose PCOS, a doctor will perform a physical exam and blood tests to measure a patient’s hormone levels. Additionally, they may perform an ultrasound to look for any physical signs of cysts on the ovaries.

Once PCOS has been diagnosed, a doctor may prescribe medications lower the androgen levels in the body, or hormone replacement therapy. The doctor may also prescribe birth control pills to help regulate the menstrual cycle. Additionally, lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly, can help reduce the symptoms of PCOS.

Conclusion

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects millions of women around the world. It is caused by a higher level of androgens in the body, which can lead to various symptoms, including weight gain and irregular periods. It is important for women to pay attention to any symptoms that may be indicative of PCOS, and see a doctor for a diagnosis and treatment. With the proper monitoring and treatment, it is possible to manage this disorder, and lead a healthy life.