The Impact of Smallpox Vaccine in Childhood

The smallpox vaccine is one of the most important medical advances in history and dates back to the 18th century. The vaccine, developed by the English doctor Edward Jenner in 1796, was the first to offer protection against a specific infectious disease. It changed the world and it is estimated that the vaccine has saved over 500 million lives since its introduction, primarily by preventing infection in childhood.

The History of Smallpox Vaccination in Childhood

The smallpox vaccine was initially used among children in Europe, the United States, and other high-income countries. Mass vaccination campaigns began in Great Britain in the late 18th century and were successful in reducing the incidence of smallpox. By the mid 19th century, most of the European countries had adopted public health laws requiring compulsory smallpox vaccination for children, usually at the age of eight months. As more countries around the world joined the effort to eradicate smallpox, the age at which children were vaccinated also dropped.

What Age is the Smallpox Vaccine Recommended For?

The World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends two doses of the smallpox vaccine for children aged 18 months or older. The vaccine is given at least 4 weeks apart and both doses should ideally be given before the child reaches the age of 3. Booster doses are no longer recommended because they offer little benefit in preventing the disease. The side effects of the vaccine are generally mild and the risk of serious complications is low.

It is important to remember that the smallpox vaccine may not offer complete protection and a person could still become infected with the virus. This is why it is still important to practice good hygiene and to limit contact with people who have been exposed to the virus. Additionally, it is also important to keep in mind that the smallpox vaccine is no longer required in most countries and may only be given on a voluntary basis for certain people.