What are Hives?

Hives, also known as urticaria, are red, itchy bumps that appear on the skin due to an allergic reaction. They can range in size from small raised bumps to large patches of red rashes. Hives typically appear on the face, arms, back, chest and legs but can appear anywhere on the body. The cause of hives is usually an allergic reaction to an external factor such as food, medication, insect stings, or cold temperatures. Even stress or sudden emotional upset can trigger an episode of hives.

What Causes Hives?

The most common cause of hives is an allergic reaction to something that a person has been exposed to. Some of the most common allergen triggers include pollen, dust, mold, animal dander, or certain foods. Chemical irritants such as perfumes, cosmetics, and soaps can also be responsible for causing hives. Other triggers could include medications, insect bites, and extreme temperatures. Some people may develop hives for unknown reasons as a result of an intense emotional response.

Symptoms and Treatment

Hives vary in size from small bumps to large irregularly shaped welts that can be anywhere from a few millimeters to several inches in diameter. They may appear suddenly and can be very itchy and painful. The most common symptom of hives is a raised, red bump that is accompanied by itching. For those who experience hives, an antihistamine and topical corticosteroids are often prescribed to reduce symptoms and provide relief. These medications can help to reduce redness, swelling, and itchiness. In more serious cases, systemic steroids and other treatments may be prescribed as well.

Hives can be both disruptive and uncomfortable, but they are usually nothing to be concerned about and go away after a short time. In rare cases though they may be a symptom of a more serious condition such as an autoimmune disorder or a food allergy. If hives persist or occur in combination with other symptoms, it is important to talk to your doctor.