What Causes Chills? A Closer Look at the Science Behind Those Unfamiliar Sensations

Chills are a common physical symptom experienced by people from time to time across all demographics. We know that chills can be associated with illnesses such as the flu or cold, but what causes them in other circumstances? In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the science behind these unfamiliar sensations, so you can better understand where they come from.

The Science Behind Chills

Chills are the body’s response to the release of the hormone epinephrine, which is more commonly known as ‘adrenaline’. In response to certain environmental or internal stimuli, body cells release a surge of epinephrine that causes small changes throughout the body both internally and externally.

Externally, the most notable change is a drop in temperature that is accompanied by chills. This happens as a result of constriction of the blood vessels that lie just below the surface of the skin. The constriction of the vessels leads to a decrease in the flow of warm blood to the surface of the skin, causing the temperature of the skin to drop.

Internally, this surge of epinephrine triggers a host of other responses. Physiologically, epinephrine has been shown to produce an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. This is why it’s colloquially referred to as the ‘fight or flight’ response.

Common Causes of Chills

Now that we understand the science behind chills, what are some of the most common causes of this response? Here are a few of the most prevalent reasons why you might be feeling those unpleasant sensations:

• Stress/Anxiety: Stress and anxiety can cause the body to release a heightened amount of epinephrine, leading to a decrease in temperature and a subsequent chill.

• Dehydration: Dehydration can often lead to chills due to the body having difficulty regulating its temperature.

• Low Blood Sugar: Low blood sugar can also cause the body to react with a chill.

• Caffeine: Caffeine is a stimulant that can cause the body to release adrenaline and therefore cause a chill.

• Fear: The feeling of fear can cause a chill as a result of the body’s anxiety response.

Conclusion

Chills are a common physical symptom experienced by people from time to time, and there are a number of potential causes behind them. By understanding the science behind the response and by being aware of some of the most common causes, you can better understand the source of these familiar, yet unfamiliar sensations.