Liver Spots: What Causes Them and What You Can Do About It

Liver spots, also known as age spots, are a common skin condition characterized by small dark or tan spots that appear on the skin. They are typically harmless, appearing in most people over the age of 40, and can range in size from freckle-sized to larger than a quarter. Though most people associate them with age, there are actually several different factors that can contribute to the development of liver spots.

Sun Exposure

One of the most common causes of liver spots is sun damage, especially for those over the age of 60. Sun exposure causes an increase in the pigmentation of our skin, resulting in the dark, flat spots we often refer to as age spots. Spending long periods of time outdoors without appropriate protection against the sun’s rays can lead to an increased risk of developing age spots, although even short periods of sun exposure can be enough with the right predisposing factors.

Hormone Changes

Hormone levels can affect the production of melanin, which is the main factor in the darkening of skin that leads to age spots. Women are particularly susceptible to this, as hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, or hormone replacement therapy can all cause an increase in melanin. This makes them more likely to develop age spots than men.

Genetics

There is some evidence that suggests that genetics can also play a role in the development of age spots. Some people are simply born with a higher risk of developing age spots. If your family has a history of age spots, you may be more susceptible as well.

Liver spots can be unsightly and may cause some people to feel self-conscious, but in most cases, they are harmless. In some cases, they may need to be removed to avoid further irritation.

Prevention

The best way to prevent age spots is to protect your skin from sun exposure. Whenever you’re out in the sun, make sure to use plenty of sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, and wear protective clothing such as long sleeves, a hat, and sunglasses. It’s also a good idea to limit your time in the sun, as too much sun exposure can lead to other skin problems such as sunburn.

Treatment

For those who already have age spots, there are a number of treatments available. These can range from topical creams to chemical peels and laser treatments. If your age spots are causing you distress, it’s best to consult a dermatologist who can advise you on the best course of treatment.

Conclusion

Age spots, also known as liver spots, are a common skin condition that can affect anyone regardless of age. Though most often seen in people over the age of 40, various factors such as sun exposure, hormonal changes, and genetics can lead to the development of age spots in those of any age. The best way to protect your skin from the development of age spots is to limit sun exposure, use sun protection when outdoors, and see a dermatologist if they become a concern.