What Does ADHD Stand For? An Overview
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is commonly diagnosed in childhood but can continue into adulthood. It is characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These three qualities can make it difficult for someone affected to successfully manage their social, personal and professional lives. This article will provide an overview of ADHD, including what it is, its symptoms, causes, and treatments.
What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?
ADHD is a disorder that affects the brain’s ability to focus, control impulses and manage activities. It’s a lifelong condition that generally begins in childhood, although the symptoms can remain through adulthood. It is estimated that about 5% of the population has ADHD, however, fewer than 20% receive a diagnosis.
ADHD used to be referred to as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). In 1994, it was reclassified as ADHD due to the increased awareness of the additional hyperactivity characteristic of the disorder.
Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD is typified by three main behavioral characteristics: inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. However, not everyone will experience all three.
Inattention is difficulty with focus and concentration that can lead to carelessness in tasks. This can make school-based learning very difficult for those with ADHD. Impulsivity is the urge to act or blurt out words without first considering potential consequences. This can lead to trouble sitting still, listening, or sharing. Hyperactivity is characterized by constant motion and restlessness. This can come in the form of fidgeting, tapping, or talking.
Causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
The exact cause of ADHD is still unknown. It is suspected to be connected to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. For example, research suggests that certain genes may play a role in having a higher risk of developing ADHD. Furthermore, environmental factors such as exposure to certain toxins, or lack of stimulation in early years, may also contribute to ADHD.
Treatments for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD treatments are aimed at making life easier to navigate by focusing on the three core characteristics: inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Treatment generally involves medications, therapies and lifestyle modifications. Medication helps to control the impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention experienced by those with ADHD. Common medications for ADHD are stimulants such as Adderall or Ritalin, as well as non-stimulants such as Strattera and Intuniv. Behavioral therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can also help to improve symptoms. Behavioral therapies involve teaching the individual strategies to manage their symptoms, and to develop problem-solving and coping skills. Lifestyle modifications such as creating a structured schedule, regularly exercising and eating nutritious meals, can also help to improve symptoms of ADHD.
In conclusion, ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder commonly diagnosed in childhood but can continue into adulthood. It is typified by three main behavioral characteristics: inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. The exact cause of ADHD is still unknown, but believed to be related to both genetic and environmental factors. Treatments for ADHD typically involve medications, therapies and lifestyle modifications. Understanding the symptoms and treatments available is important for helping those with ADHD to manage their condition and live successful lives.