What Does PMS Mean?

PMS – What Is It?

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of symptoms linked to the menstrual cycle. It refers to physical, emotional, and behavioral changes that occur in the one to two weeks before a woman’s period. PMS is common, and its symptoms can range in severity. Mild symptoms may cause distress, but more severe symptoms may interfere with day-to-day activities.

Signs & Symptoms

Signs and symptoms may vary slightly among women, depending on their hormone levels and other health factors. Some of the most common symptoms of PMS are:

• Abdominal bloating, constipation, and diarrhea

• Cravings for certain foods

• Fatigue and low energy levels

• Headaches

• Irritability and mood swings

• Pain, such as breast tenderness, cramps, and joint or muscle pain

• Problems concentrating

• Sleep issues

• Swollen or tender breasts

• Trouble sleeping

PMS Treatment Options

Many women find relief from the symptoms of PMS with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications, such as ibuprofen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, some research suggests that exercise and stress management may help minimize PMS symptoms. If a woman’s symptoms are more severe, she may talk to her doctor about prescription medications.

In some cases, certain types of vitamins and supplements may help alleviate PMS symptoms. For example, vitamin B-6 (pyridoxine) has been found to reduce some symptoms, such as irritability, bloating, and depression. A 2018 review of studies suggested that calcium supplements may help reduce cramps, bloating, and irritability that women with PMS experience. However, it’s important to speak to a doctor before taking any dietary supplements, as they may interact with some medications.

Conclusion

PMS is a common condition that causes a woman to experience physical, emotional, and behavioral changes in the days leading up to her period. Common signs and symptoms include abdominal bloating, constipation or diarrhea, cravings for foods, fatigue, headaches, irritability and mood swings, pain, sleep issues, tender breasts, and difficulty concentrating.

Lifestyle changes, over-the-counter medications, prescription medications, and certain vitamins and supplements may all help ease the symptoms of PMS. If a woman is worried about her symptoms, she should speak to her doctor, as they can advise her on the best treatment options and how to manage her individual symptoms.