Understanding Chiggers: What You Need to Know

Chiggers, also known as red mites, are incredibly small larvae that are incredibly irritating. Technically classified as arachnids, they are not insects or ticks but are among the most annoying critters in the outdoors. As such, it’s important to understand the basics of chiggers and the types of measures that can be taken to minimise the chances of coming into contact with them.

What Are Chiggers?

Chiggers are the larval stage of a group of mites known as Trombiculidae. They are incredibly small, and are generally just visible to the naked eye. In fact, a single chigger larva can be as small as 1/150 of an inch in length. Chiggers feed on skin cells and the tissue fluid of animals and humans, and inject saliva into the skin that contains an enzyme that breaks down skin cells. Although chiggers do not feed on blood, this contact can cause a severe itching sensation that can last from several days up to two weeks.

Preventing contact With Chiggers

Given the potentially severe itching that can result from chiggers, the best defence is to take preventative measures in order to avoid coming into contact with them. The simplest and most effective way to prevent coming into contact with chiggers is to wear light-coloured protective clothing, such as long trousers, long sleeve shirts and socks (preferably worn over trousers). Additionally, apply a good insect repellent containing DEET to clothes and skin. It is also a good idea to inspect yourself and clothing frequently to ensure any chiggers that may be lurking in clothing or on skin are noticed and removed quickly.

Treating Bites

If you do come into contact with chiggers and are bitten, relieving the itching should be your top priority. Taking a cool bath or shower can soothe the itchy sensation. Alternatively, cool compresses and calamine lotion can also be applied to areas that have been bitten. Additionally, taking anti-allergy medications such as Benadryl can help to reduce swelling and ease the itching sensation. It is important to resist the urge to scratch, as that can increase the risk of infection, and possibly lead to a secondary bacterial infection.

In conclusion, chiggers can be quite annoying and their bites can be quite itchy. However, by understanding the basics of what chiggers are and how to prevent contact, it is possible to minimise the risk of coming into contact with them. If one should be unfortunate enough to get bitten, there are measures that can be taken to relieve the itching sensation.