What is a Sore Throat?

A sore throat is a painful, dry, or scratchy feeling in the throat. Many viral and bacterial infections of the throat can produce a sore throat. Common causes include the common cold, strep throat, and mononucleosis. Other causes of a sore throat include allergies, acid reflux, smoking, or physical irritation from loud shouting.

Most of the time, a sore throat is caused by a viral infection and will go away on its own. The body can typically fight off infections caused by viruses, although it may take a few days to a week and the symptoms can be quite uncomfortable in the meantime. A doctor may prescribe antibiotics if a bacterial infection is to blame for the sore throat.

Symptoms of a Sore Throat

Sore throat can be painful, scratchy and dry. It often is accompanied by other cold symptoms, including a runny or stuffy nose, coughing, sneezing and a fever. Other associated symptoms may include redness, swollen neck glands, difficulty swallowing, and hoarseness.

Treatment of a Sore Throat

Most sore throats are caused by viral infections and typically go away on their own. However, some throat infections may require treatment with antibiotics. People often find relief with the following home remedies to soothe and heal the throat:

– Drink plenty of fluids.
– Gargle several times a day with warm salt water.
– Eat throat-soothing foods, such as soups or smoothies.
– Avoid irritants such as smoke or excessive yelling.
– Use a humidifier or vaporizer.
– Take ibuprofen or acetaminophen for pain relief.
– Suck on a throat lozenge or hard candy.
– Consume cold treats, such as ice pops or smoothies.

When to See a Doctor

If other symptoms like fever, swollen glands, or difficulty swallowing accompany a sore throat it may be time to seek medical care. Also, if the sore throat persists for longer than two weeks, a doctor should be consulted. In rare cases, a sore throat can signal a more serious condition, such as throat cancer or HIV. Talk to a healthcare provider for more information about symptoms of a sore throat and a possible diagnosis.