What is a TB Test?

Tuberculosis, commonly known as TB, is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by the germ Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a life-threatening pulmonary disease that can be particularly dangerous, as it can spread quickly and easily through the air. Fortunately, testing for TB is relatively simple and non-invasive.

A tuberculosis, or TB, test is an important tool used to diagnose TB in individuals, as well as detect active TB infection. Generally, there are two types of TB tests that can be used: the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and the Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA).

Tuberculin Skin Test

The Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) is the most common type of TB test and is used to diagnose latent TB infection. The test is performed by administering a small dose of tuberculin intradermally on the inner forearm. Within 48-72 hours, the patient’s arm is examined for erythema and induration, which are indicative of a positive result.

Interferon Gamma Release Assay

The Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) test is an alternate form of TB testing that is used to detect active TB infection. This type of TB test is a blood test that measures the amount of interferon gamma that is released when TB antigens are added to a sample. High levels of interferon gamma indicate a positive result.

Conclusion

The TB test is an important diagnostic tool for detecting tuberculosis. It is important for individuals to understand the different types of TB tests and the importance of getting tested for TB in order to prevent the spread of the disease.