What is Acetaminophen?
Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer commonly used to treat mild to moderate pain. It is most commonly known as the brand name drug Tylenol, although there are many other generic and brand name drugs containing acetaminophen. It is also found in combination with other active ingredients that are used to treat pain and fever. Acetaminophen is available in both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medications.

How Does it Work?
Acetaminophen works by blocking the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes that are involved in the inflammation process and in producing hormones known as prostaglandins. By blocking these enzymes and hormones, acetaminophen works to reduce pain and fever, though it does not reduce inflammation. It does this by inhibiting the production of a chemical called prostaglandin, which is responsible for causing pain, fever and inflammation.

Side Effects and Warnings
Acetaminophen is generally safe for short-term use, and it can be used for a variety of conditions, including headaches and muscle pain. However, like all medications, acetaminophen can cause side effects when taken in high doses or for long periods of time. Common side effects include upset stomach, constipation and drowsiness. In rare cases, it can cause serious liver damage. People who are pregnant or nursing, have an existing liver disease or are taking other medications should talk to their healthcare provider before taking acetaminophen.

It is also important to be aware that acetaminophen can be found in many other medications, including cold and allergy medications, sleep aids, cough syrups and pain relievers. Taking more than the recommended dose of acetaminophen can lead to an overdose, so it is important to always read the label of any medication before taking it.