What is Anemia? An Overview

Anemia is a condition in which your blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to all parts of your body. Having a low red blood cell count can make you feel tired and weak. It can also cause other symptoms and health problems.

Anemia is very common. It can happen to anyone, regardless of age, gender, or race. In fact, an estimated 3.5 million Americans are living with anemia. It can happen suddenly or can develop over time.

The most common type of anemia is called iron deficiency anemia. This type of anemia is caused by not getting enough iron in your diet or by losing too much blood. Iron is an important part of hemoglobin, which is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout your body. Without enough iron, your body cannot make enough hemoglobin and you will develop anemia.

Causes of Anemia

Anemia can be caused by many different factors, including certain diseases and health conditions. But the most common cause of anemia is an iron deficiency. Iron deficiency anemia can be caused by not getting enough iron in your diet or from losing too much blood through certain medical conditions, such as heavy menstrual cycles, or from bleeding ulcers.

In addition to an iron deficiency, other causes of anemia include vitamin deficiencies, inherited disorders, cancer, autoimmune diseases, infections, and kidney disease. Some chronic health conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can also increase your risk of developing anemia.

Treating and Managing Anemia

The treatment for anemia depends on the cause. If you have an iron deficiency, your doctor may prescribe an iron supplement or advise you to eat foods that are high in iron, such as red meat, shellfish, and legumes. If you have another type of anemia, other treatment may include vitamins, blood transfusions, medications, or treatments for the underlying cause.

Anemia can be a serious condition if it is not treated promptly, so it is important to speak to your doctor if you experience any symptoms. Symptoms of anemia can include fatigue, dizziness, headache, pale skin, chest pain, shortness of breath, and cold hands and feet.

Making healthy lifestyle changes can also help if you are living with anemia. Eating foods that are high in iron and vitamins, avoiding alcohol and smoking, and getting regular exercise can all help to manage the symptoms of anemia and can make living with the condition easier.