What Is ASD Disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. It is characterized by difficulty with social interaction, difficulty with verbal and nonverbal communication, and by repetitive behaviors. ASD is diagnosed in 1 in 59 children in the United States, and is four times more common in boys than in girls. It affects people of all ethnic, racial and socioeconomic backgrounds.

Signs and Symptoms

ASD can manifest in a variety of ways and can range in severity. Common signs and symptoms associated with ASD include:

• Impaired communication, ranging from difficulty making eye contact to an inability to engage in conversations;

• Increased difficulty making friends and engaging in social activities;

• Repetitive behaviors, such as winding objects, lining up toys, or hand-flapping;

• Sensory processing issues, including oversensitivity or an insensitivity to certain sounds or textures;

• Taking longer than usual to learn or willingness to engage in only a few activities;

• Unusual preoccupations with specific topics or objects;

• Unusual language and speech patterns, such as speaking in a monotone voice.

Diagnosis and Treatment

ASD is typically diagnosed between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. To make a diagnosis, a healthcare professional will use a variety of assessments, including an analysis of the child’s behavior, observations of the child’s development, and interview with the parents.

Treatment for ASD can range from in-home parenting programs to behavior therapy to specialized therapies. Additionally, medications may be prescribed to help manage symptoms such as hyperactivity, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Early diagnosis and intervention can help reduce symptoms and enable children to develop to their fullest potential.

Conclusion

ASD is a complex disorder which affects individuals differently and the severity of symptoms are determined on a case-by-case basis. While there is no cure for ASD, early diagnosis and intervention can help reduce symptoms and enable children to reach their maximum potential. If you believe your child may have ASD, it’s important to seek help from a healthcare professional as soon as possible.