What is Cirrhosis?

Cirrhosis is a chronic condition caused by long term damage to the liver which disrupts its normal functioning. It is a degenerative liver condition which can be caused by many different types of liver diseases, the most common being alcoholic liver disease, chronic hepatitis C and other hepatitis infections, fatty liver disease (steatosis) and non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Cirrhosis is a life-threatening condition as it can cause serious complications and can even lead to liver failure.

Symptoms and Complications

The signs and symptoms of cirrhosis can range from mild to severe, and may vary from person to person. Usually, there are no visible symptoms in the early stages of the disease, but in the later stages the following symptoms may be observed: swollen abdomen (ascites), jaundice, muscle cramping, extreme fatigue, muscle atrophy, loss of appetite, weight loss, confusion, or coma. Some of the major complications that can arise due to cirrhosis include: bleeding disorders, such as gastroesophageal varices, liver cancer, infections, kidney failure, and high blood pressure in the veins of the liver (portal hypertension).

Diagnosis and Treatment

Cirrhosis can be diagnosed through a physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging. Blood tests can detect changes in the blood which indicate cirrhosis, and imaging tests such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help identify the extent of the damage to the liver. Some of the treatments available for cirrhosis include lifestyle changes, medications, surgery or liver transplantation. Lifestyle changes may include abstaining from alcohol and smoking, eating balanced meals, managing mental health issues and exercising regularly. Medications can help reduce the inflammation and other complications associated with the condition. Surgery may be necessary to repair damaged vessels or to prevent the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. Liver transplantation may be recommended in cases of advanced cirrhosis.

Conclusion

Cirrhosis is a serious and life-threatening condition that requires prompt medical attention. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of cirrhosis as early as possible and to seek medical care if needed. It is also important to make lifestyle changes such as quitting drinking and smoking, eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly in order to slow down the progression of the illness and reduce the risk of complications.