What is Degenerative Disc Disease?

Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a condition caused by the breakdown of the discs between the vertebrae in the spine. These discs act as shock absorbers, so when they’re damaged or worn down the spine loses its flexibility and range of motion, leading to pain and discomfort. DDD is most common in people over 40 and is often seen in athletes who participate in high-impact activities.

The Symptoms of Degenerative Disc Disease

Degenerative disc disease can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on its severity and the location of the damaged discs in the spine. Common symptoms include:

• Low back pain

• Neck pain

• Muscle spasms

• Radiating pain or numbness in the arms and legs

• Pain that gets worse at night

• Pain that gets worse when bending or moving

Diagnosis and Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease

Due to the wide range of symptoms associated with DDD, diagnosis can be tricky and requires a combination of physical exams and imaging tests to determine the severity and location of the affected discs. Once diagnosed, treatment options vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some treatment options include:

• Physical therapy to strengthen the affected muscles

• Medications to reduce inflammation and relieve pain

• Lifestyle changes such as avoiding high-impact activities

• Injections such as epidural steroid injections

• Surgery in extreme cases

The Bottom Line

Degenerative disc disease is a condition that affects the discs between the vertebrae in the spine. It can cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild to severe and can be managed with various treatments. As with any medical condition, it’s important to speak to your doctor or health care provider to determine the best treatment plan for you.