What is Hepatic Steatosis?

Hepatic Steatosis, commonly known as fatty liver, is a reversible medical condition where too much fat is stored in the liver. It usually results from long-term poor diet, excessive alcohol consumption, and certain medications. The condition may also be caused by certain underlying diseases or metabolic disorders. It is estimated that as many as 30% of adults in the United States have some form of fatty liver disease, although many cases are subtle and asymptomatic and are unknowingly present.

What Causes Hepatic Steatosis?

Hepatic steatosis is usually caused by a combination of risk factors and lifestyle choices. Excessive alcohol consumption is one of the most common causes of fatty liver, and is a primary risk factor. Poor diet and being overweight are also significant risk factors, and this is often due to a diet too high in fructose, saturated fats and processed foods, as well as too much red meat. Certain conditions such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, and high cholesterol can also increase the risk. Medications such as steroids, antivirals, and amiodarone can also lead to fatty liver disease.

What Are the Symptoms of Hepatic Steatosis?

In many cases, fatty liver is asymptomatic and is detected during routine screenings and physicals. However, some people may experience symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, abdominal discomfort and weight loss. In more serious cases, there can be jaundice, dark urine, and itchy skin. Additionally, there may be enlargement of the liver and/or swelling of the abdomen.

If left untreated, hepatic steatosis can progress to serious liver disease such as cirrhosis, liver failure and even liver cancer. Therefore, it is important to address any symptoms and make the necessary lifestyle changes such as quitting drinking and eating a healthy diet. Additionally, any underlying conditions should be treated to lower the risk of developing more serious forms of liver disease.

Hepatic steatosis is often reversible with the right treatment. However, it is important to be aware of the risks and to make necessary changes to prevent the condition from progressing.