What Is An IUD?
An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small T-shaped device made of plastic and copper that’s inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. It’s a form of long-acting, reversible contraception (also known as LARC) that is considered to be one of the most effective types of birth control available. It works by releasing copper into the uterus to kill sperm and prevent fertilization.
An IUD can remain in place for up to 5 to 10 years depending on the type, making it a convenient form of birth control that doesn’t require a daily routine. It’s also almost 100% effective at preventing pregnancy. Although IUDs are most popular with women in their twenties and thirties, the device can be used by women of any age, including those who have just given birth.
Types of IUDs
There are two main types of IUDs available in the US: the hormonal IUD and the copper IUD. The hormonal IUD is a T-shaped device made of plastic and releases hormones (levonorgestrel) into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. The hormonal IUD prevents pregnancy by thickening cervical mucus which stops sperm from fertilizing an egg, and also by thinning the lining of the uterus to prevent a fertilized egg from attaching to it. It can remain in the uterus for up to 3-6 years and is up to 99.9% effective at preventing pregnancy.
The other type of IUD available is the copper IUD which is also known as the non-hormonal IUD. It is made of plastic with copper coils and releases copper ions into the uterus to act as a spermicide and prevent fertilization. It does not contain hormones and can remain in place for up to 5-10 years and is up to 99.9% effective.
Benefits of an IUD
There are many benefits to using an IUD, including:
1. It is incredibly reliable and almost 100% effective in preventing pregnancy.
2. Once inserted, there is no need to think about contraception every day.
3. It can remain in place for up to 5 to 10 years depending on the type.
4. It can be removed at any time, restoring fertility immediately.
5. It is one of the least expensive forms of contraception over time.
6. It does not interfere with the sexual experience.
7. It does not require any hormones and does not have the same side effects as other hormonal contraceptives.
Risks and Side Effects
Like all forms of contraception, there are some risks and side effects associated with IUDs. These include:
1. Spotting and cramping during the first few weeks after inserting the IUD.
2. Increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease, although this is rare.
3. Increased risk of recurrent urinary tract infections.
4. Risk of the IUD becoming embedded in the uterus or expelled without being noticed.
5. Possible risk of irregular menstrual bleeding.
It is important to discuss any questions or concerns about using an IUD with your doctor before making a decision so that you can make an informed choice.
Conclusion
IUDs are a safe and reliable form of birth control that have been used for decades. They are highly effective, convenient, and long-lasting, making them a great choice for those looking for a reliable form of contraception. However, it’s important to discuss any risks and possible side effects with your doctor before making a decision.