What is Lithography

Lithography is an age-old form of printing used to create both complex and simple designs on a range of materials. It is an act of both artistic expression and craftsmanship; and is an area of physical printing which has been around since the early 19th century and is still used today in a range of applications. Lithography, also known as stone-printing or chemical engraving, is a fascinating technology and has helped shape the art world for over two centuries.

The Science Behind Lithography

At its core lithography uses the principles of chemistry and physics to create the most intricate or simplest of designs. It relies on the idea that certain substances won’t mix. Based on the surface tension on the printing plate, water and oil will naturally separate and consequently can be used to create imagery. By using a greasy substance and a printer’s ink, an experienced lithographer can then transfer their design onto a lithographic printing plate and then create a printed image.

Uses of Lithography

Lithography is used in many industries and applications, both craft- and industry-oriented. From industrial printing, pharmaceuticals, and packaging to the advancement of fine art and poster production. This form of printing was a great help to the moving image and was heavily used in posters to popularise the once new industry. It has also become increasingly popular within the art world as mediums such as limited-edition prints are seen as a form of ownership and a great starting point for those just beginning their art collection. It has cemented itself within many art movements and has become a staple for organisations such as the Tate and the Royal Collection.

All in all, lithography is an amazing art form which is capable of producing an array of high-quality prints no matter the style or complexity of the design. It may also have a long and distinguished history, but its modern-day uses are again being embraced as both a craft and a form of physical printing. There’s no doubt that lithography will continue to evolve and still be used for many years to come.