What Is Permafrost?
Permafrost is a unique and often misunderstood part of the environment. It is soil or sediment that remains at or below 0°C (32°F) for two or more years and sometimes to depths of several hundred meters. It is found mainly in polar regions, and it has the potential to affect a variety of elements within the earth’s system.

Permafrost, a Layer of Frozen Ground
Permafrost is frozen, or only partially thawed, soil or sediment. In places like the Arctic, it can occupy up to 60 percent of land, and sometimes may reach depths of several hundred meters. The condition of permafrost can depend on several factors, such as latitude and altitude, soil composition, and moisture.

Permafrost and Its Potential Effects On The Environment
Permafrost is important to the functioning of the global environment and climate system. Its thawing can release greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, into the atmosphere. The release of these gases can trap heat that would otherwise be reflected off Earth’s surface, creating an increase in global temperatures.

Permafrost can also affect the plant and animal communities of the regions it inhabits. Warmer air temperatures due to permafrost thawing can increase vegetation growth and in turn, act as a buffer for the permafrost, lessening the effects of its thawing. In addition, animals that are reliant on permafrost can suffer if the area shifts to a warmer climate, as their habitats will move farther north.

In summary, permafrost is a layer of frozen ground that is found mainly in polar regions and has the potential to effect change on the environment. Its thawing can release greenhouse gases, as well as change the plant and animal species of the areas it inhabits. It is important to consider the effects of global warming on permafrost, as it can both threaten and protect the environment.