WHAT IS SCABIES?

Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition caused by the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei. Scabies is found worldwide and affects people of all ages, genders, and socioeconomic backgrounds. It is spread by close human contact and is especially common in crowded conditions with poor hygiene, such as nursing homes, daycares, prisons, and homeless shelters.

The infestation begins when the mites lay their eggs in the outermost layer of skin. This layer is tough and waterproof so the mite cannot directly penetrate the skin tissue. The mite then secretes enzymes that break down the skin’s barriers, allowing the mite to tunnel through the skin until it reaches its host’s viable blood supply. Once inside, the mite can reproduce and spread.

SYMPTOMS OF SCABIES

The symptoms of scabies typically appear several weeks after exposure to the mite, and may include intense itching (especially at night), a pimple-like rash, and burrow marks (tiny lines or tracks where the mite has burrowed into the skin). The rash and itching may become more severe over time if the infestation is left untreated. Scratching the area can lead to further skin irritation and increase the risk of secondary bacterial infections.

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Treatment of scabies usually involves a topical medication containing permethrin or crotamiton, which will kill the mites and their eggs. Other treatment methods may include applying sulfur ointment, taking oral antihistamines, and treating secondary infections with prescribed antibiotics. It is important to note that these medications only kill the mites, not their eggs. To prevent reinfestation, all clothes, bedding, and towels should be washed at high temperatures and vacuumed thoroughly.

Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition. It is important to seek prompt treatment and practice good hygiene to reduce the risk of reinfestation and spreading the infestation to other people. Treatment with a topical medication, combined with washing and vacuuming of fabrics, is usually effective in treating and preventing scabies.