What is Sun Poisoning?

Sun poisoning is an extreme form of sunburn. It’s an intensely painful skin reaction to ultraviolet (UV) radiation that can result in blistering and other symptoms. Sun poisoning is not actually a medical diagnosis, but it’s a term for a severe reaction to sunburn. It’s also known as polymorphic light eruption (PMLE).

The Symptoms of Sun Poisoning

Sun poisoning can cause a wide variety of symptoms, often in addition to intense sunburn. Common symptoms include:

• Rashes

• Blistering

• Swelling

• headaches

• fever

• chills

• itchiness

• nausea

• dizziness

• fatigue

• weakness

• confusion

• dehydration

• joint pain

• a rapid pulse

Treatment and Prevention

The best way to prevent sun poisoning is to limit your exposure to UV radiation. When outdoors, wear sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher and protective clothing, such as hats and long sleeves. Sunburns are more likely to occur when the sun is strongest, usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. People with fair skin are more prone to sun poisoning and should take extra precautions.

If you do develop sun poisoning, it is important to treat it quickly. Mild sunburns can be treated with over-the-counter pain meds and creams to ease pain and swelling. For severe reactions, which can lead to dehydration and other serious symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics and/or steroid drugs to reduce swelling and other reactions. To avoid future sun poisoning episodes, be sure to practice safe sun habits.